Essays

A backend for AI-coded apps
Joe AverbukhStepan ParunashviliDaniel WoelfelDrew Harris
Joe, Stepan, Daniel, Drew
20 min read

A backend for AI-coded apps

Instant 1.0 is out! This essay shows a bunch of demos, to explain why we think Instant is the best backend for AI-coded apps. We also cover the architecture that makes all of it work.

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
2 min read
Counter-Strike Bench: GPT 5.3 Codex vs Claude Opus 4.6

Counter-Strike Bench: GPT 5.3 Codex vs Claude Opus 4.6

GPT 5.3 Codex and Claude Opus 4.6 shipped within minutes of each other. How well do they compare building a multiplayer Counter-Strike?

Instant
Instant
1 min read
Team features are free through the end of Februrary

Team features are free through the end of Februrary

Share your favorite apps with your favorite people, with free Instant teams for February.

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
6 min read
GPT 5.2 on the Counter-Strike Benchmark

GPT 5.2 on the Counter-Strike Benchmark

How does GPT 5.2 do when you ask it to build a multiplayer Counter-Strike?

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
9 min read
Codex, Opus, Gemini try to build Counter Strike

Codex, Opus, Gemini try to build Counter Strike

Introducing CS Bench: we ask all top models to build a multiplayer Counter-Strike from scratch.

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
19 min read
Count-Min Sketches in JS — frequencies, but without the data

Count-Min Sketches in JS — frequencies, but without the data

What's the most efficient way to store frequencies? Come find out with us, and learn some of Wodehouse's favorite words to boot.

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
1h 21m watch
Video: Founding Firebase with James Tamplin

Video: Founding Firebase with James Tamplin

We sat down with one of the founders of Firebase to learn about the story behind the database platform that inspired many of us.

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
7 min read
HeroUI helps people build beautiful apps, on top of Instant

HeroUI helps people build beautiful apps, on top of Instant

Junior went from Venezuela to YC to build HeroUI, a suite of primitives that have helped thousands of developers build frontends. Here's the backstory.

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
5 min read
Mirando transforms Latin-American Real-Estate on top of Instant

Mirando transforms Latin-American Real-Estate on top of Instant

Ignacio De Haedo and Javier Rey left their software engineering jobs at Meta to build Mirando, an AI-powered real-estate platform for Latin America. This is the backstory.

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
3 min read
GPT 5 vs Opus 4.1 for Vibe-Coded Apps

GPT 5 vs Opus 4.1 for Vibe-Coded Apps

How do GPT-5 and Opus 4.1 compare for vibe coding apps? We built a full-stack chiptunes player to find out.

Stepan ParunashviliNikita Prokopov
Stepan & Nikita
7 min read
How and where will agents ship software?

How and where will agents ship software?

Beginners are vibe-coding apps and experts are maxing out their LLM subscriptions. What does this mean for how we build software?

Nikita Prokopov
Nikita
5 min read
Sync Engines are the Future

Sync Engines are the Future

We've been building frontends that talk to backends for years. But in the meantime the browser has become an OS. In that case what should your stack look like?

Stepan ParunashviliDaniel Woelfel
Stepan & Daniel
14 min read
A Major Postgres Upgrade with Zero Downtime

A Major Postgres Upgrade with Zero Downtime

Right before Christmas we discovered that our Aurora Postgres instance needed a major version upgrade. This covers how we made the upgrade with zero seconds of downtime.

Joe Averbukh
Joe
34 min watch
Video: Building a Sync Engine in Clojure

Video: Building a Sync Engine in Clojure

Our CTO gave a talk about building Instant at Clojure Conj 2024! In this talk he discusses the common schleps developers face when building apps, and how Instant compresses them.

Joe Averbukh
Joe
4 min read
Instant raises $3.4M seed to build a modern Firebase

Instant raises $3.4M seed to build a modern Firebase

A month after we open sourced Instant, we had one of the largest Show HN's for a YC company. This shares the news of our $3.4M seed round.

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
19 min read
A Graph-Based Firebase

A Graph-Based Firebase

This essay covers the design behind Instant. If the schleps we face as UI engineers are actually database problems in disguise, would a database-looking solution solve them?

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
12 min read
Datalog in Javascript

Datalog in Javascript

Let's build a query engine from scratch. In about 100 lines of Javascript, we'll support joins, indexes, and find our answer for Arnold!

Stepan Parunashvili
Stepan
19 min read
Database in the Browser, a Spec

Database in the Browser, a Spec

How will we build web applications in the future? We think it's going to look like a database in the browser, and this essay explains why.